A change of prime ministers has become an annual event in
Japan. The past four years saw four prime ministers, each
of whom is either the son or grandson of a former prime
minister. This has raised questions about whether a
decline in the quality of prime ministers is attributable
to an electoral system that allows nepotistic succession
and problems involving political parties' ability to
develop leaders, or to a decline in the ability of the
nation as a whole.
Outgoing Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama is the founder of
the ruling Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ), and was
burdened with the public's expectations for a historic
transfer of power. Nonetheless, Hatoyama caused confusion
in his own administration over the issue of relocating U.S.
Marine Corps Air Station Futenma in Okinawa Prefecture, and
announced that he will step down saying, "My resignation
will serve national interests."
No other prime minister has ever apologized to the public
using self-denigrating words. However, the important thing
is to reconsider the significance of the transfer of power
by scrutinizing the Hatoyama administration's merits and
demerits, and to see some positives in Japan's politics.
The prime minister stood by his own guns when he strongly
urged DPJ Secretary-General Ichiro Ozawa to step down as
well. A political funding scandal involving Ozawa's former
secretaries is largely responsible for the sharp decline in
the approval ratings for the Hatoyama Cabinet. Ozawa's
battle against prosecutors, which involved the DPJ, wasted
much of the administration's energy. The scandal, along
with a case in which Hatoyama's mother provided a large
amount of funds to his political fund-raising organization,
has caused the public's distrust in the administration.
Those involved were never summoned to the Diet for
questioning. Such a thing never happened under the
previous administration led by the Liberal Democratic Party
(LDP) when its members were involved in scandals.
The DPJ, which had gained public support through its
cleanliness appeal, became so insensitive to the issue of
politics and money because its members are afraid of the
power of Ozawa. Even though it is difficult, DPJ
legislators should have firmer convictions and the belief
that they can overwhelm Ozawa. The Hatoyama
administration's failure to utilize bureaucrats' expertise
also caused its ability to govern to decline, contributing
to its collapse.
In other words, the Hatoyama administration confused the
problem of bureaucrats who land lucrative post-retirement
jobs after receiving generous retirement allowances, and
the utilization of bureaucrats' expertise in working out
policies. The administration failed to work out a national
strategy for several key issues including security policy,
slashing greenhouse gas emissions and rehabilitating the
deficit-ridden state budget, which could call for a hike in
the 5 percent consumption tax. The National Strategy
Bureau, which the DPJ-led government planned to set up as
the government headquarters for working out a national
strategy, never functioned because no relevant legislation
was enacted to give it legal grounds. The Hatoyama
administration began its work by criticizing the LDP-led
government without making a clear definition of a transfer
of power.
Unless the DPJ-led administration learns a lesson from its
failure under a new leader without attributing the problem
solely to Prime Minister Hatoyama's personal
qualifications, the significance of the transfer of power
following the DPJ's landslide victory in the 2009 general
election would be brought to zero.